tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-45138639645409646402024-03-13T21:56:49.248-07:00Media Theories and EffectsUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-32920245878602625922010-10-15T10:31:00.000-07:002010-10-15T10:47:47.263-07:00Uses and Gratifications Theory"What do people do with the Media?" is the question that leads the <b>uses and gratifications theory</b>. The theory suggestions that people use the media to their advantage and to meet their needs.<div><br /></div><div>The needs are separated into five categories :</div><div><ul><li>cognitive needs </li><li>affective needs</li><li>Personal integrative needs</li><li>social integrative needs</li><li>tension free needs</li></ul><div><br /></div></div><div><b>Cognitive Needs</b></div><div>people access the media (newspaper, magazines, TV, internet, etc.) to acquire specific information. They want to gain more knowledge, on a certain event or topic.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Affective needs</b></div><div>People use the media to satisfy their emotional needs. In most cases, television is the best form of media to please affective needs. We find ourselves relating to the people on TV. We sympathize when something bad happens to them or we </div><div>celebrate their victories with them.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Personal Integrative Needs</b></div><div>The personal integrative need is also known as the self esteem need. Media such</div><div>advertisements on TV and in magazines fulfill our personal integrative needs. People will change their lifestyle to be cool as according to the media and advertising help them do this</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Social Integrative Needs</b></div><div>social networking sites such as Facebook and Myspace satisfy social integrative needs. These sites let know what their peers are up too. </div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Example: If a girl wants to know if a guy she is interested, she will check Facebook for their relationship status. </div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Tension Free Needs</b></div><div>People may use tension free needs as an outlet. The media can help a person escape and relieve tension. A person can relax while listening to their favorite song or artist or watching their favorite show. </div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; font-size: x-large; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 16px; "><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(187, 187, 187); font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><b><br /></b></span></div></span></b></span></span></div></span></b></span></b></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-59582756275940628452010-10-14T23:19:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:44:31.453-07:00Agenda Setting Theory<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfzt3PmjJI/AAAAAAAAACA/30WmAgs3ulU/s1600/extra.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 289px; height: 315px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfzt3PmjJI/AAAAAAAAACA/30WmAgs3ulU/s320/extra.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528155036869627026"></a><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>The <b>agenda setting theory</b> suggests that the media, mostly the news, has a big influence on what audiences consider newsworthy. It tells you what is supposedly shows us the issue most import at the moment. The newspapers cover story is supposed to be the most important issue in our society. Some stories receive more coverage than others because they are supposed to most relevant to our lives or more interesting. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-30964514342343694322010-10-14T22:03:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:45:49.280-07:00Desensitization Theory and Sensitization<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfkaTNe52I/AAAAAAAAABQ/yqTEF1rkL5U/s1600/mediated+violence.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 232px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfkaTNe52I/AAAAAAAAABQ/yqTEF1rkL5U/s320/mediated+violence.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528138208105129826" /></a><br /><b>Desensitization Theory and Sensitization Theory</b><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b><div><br /></div><div>There is a lot of mediated violence on T.V. The <b>desensitization</b> theory believes that the more violence viewers are exposed to in the media over a period of time, the less sensitive we become to it. The violence no longer seems to bother them or bothers them less than it did before. </div><div><br /></div><div>In contrast the<b> sensitization theory</b> will be horrified by seeing certain mediated content and become more sensitive to violence. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div> <object width="480" height="385"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/qMMGJpv0ZRc?fs=1&hl=en_US&rel=0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/qMMGJpv0ZRc?fs=1&hl=en_US&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="480" height="385"></embed></object></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><br /><br /><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-15814700980500018272010-10-14T21:33:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:44:01.426-07:00Schema Theory<div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">The </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">schema theory</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"> paints you a mental picture.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">Schema are cognitive structures like frames. They are derived from previous experiences and memories. We use schemas to organize our knowledge, guide our behavior, and to predict likely happening</span><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">. </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">The way we interpret the media, such as television, is guided by schemas. The schema relating to TV is knowledge of the world. We associate what we see on tv as how we are supposed to handle situations in the real world.</span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">For example:you see all types of cars on TV. They are in advertisements and movies. So when someone says they are getting a jeep for their birthday, you recall the images you saw on television to give you an idea of what they are getting.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"> </span><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"> <a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfuUWQyZdI/AAAAAAAAABw/_am9GkK-c5c/s1600/jeep.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 256px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfuUWQyZdI/AAAAAAAAABw/_am9GkK-c5c/s320/jeep.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528149100961359314" /></a></div><div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span></span></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-64538989700456085212010-10-14T20:39:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:44:18.718-07:00<div style="text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"> </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Reinforcement Theory</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"> </span> </div><div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfxPowHfRI/AAAAAAAAAB4/ZANsC3mvcFE/s1600/reinforcement+theory.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 209px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfxPowHfRI/AAAAAAAAAB4/ZANsC3mvcFE/s320/reinforcement+theory.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528152318560140562" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;">Much like a behavioral process. People learn to </div><div style="text-align: center;">associate which consequences, good or bad, go with </div><div style="text-align: center;">which behaviors from the media. They generally will </div><div style="text-align: center;">seek out and remember things that support their </div><div style="text-align: center;">cognitive view. We are more likely to behave in ways </div><div style="text-align: center;">that will rewards us rather than act in ways that will </div><div style="text-align: center;">cause trouble. They can use the media as a tool to see </div><div style="text-align: center;">what is an acceptable way to behave in society and follow</div><div style="text-align: center;"> it so they can be accepted or rewarded.</div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-17059404819877026492010-10-14T14:33:00.000-07:002010-10-15T10:23:49.370-07:00Modeling Theory<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLiOG92BBVI/AAAAAAAAACM/lIA5SxrCbm4/s1600/monkey+see+monkey+do.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 200px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLiOG92BBVI/AAAAAAAAACM/lIA5SxrCbm4/s320/monkey+see+monkey+do.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528324792928765266" /></a><div>The <b>modeling theory</b> suggests that we model their behavior of that of the media. The modeling theory can be good or bad. It is good if what the person is modeling is good behavior. It can be bad if the person takes the mediated message such as violence and copies it.</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-50376483366775316162010-10-12T15:24:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:45:06.171-07:00<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Socialization Theory</span><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">The socialization theory suggests that the media helps teach people about the norms and customs to help us fit in our world.Television is the most effective medium for socialization because TV captivates children's views at a very young age so it is suggested to have the most influence over people. </span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; "><br /></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-26683361762411911162010-10-12T10:56:00.000-07:002010-10-15T10:48:54.279-07:00Cultivation Theory<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLTeOjon8II/AAAAAAAAAAw/ZEw_py69Exg/s1600/cultivation+theory.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 275px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLTeOjon8II/AAAAAAAAAAw/ZEw_py69Exg/s320/cultivation+theory.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5527286984355606658" /></a><br /><div><strong>Cultivation Theory</strong></div><div><strong><br /></strong></div><div><strong>The Facts:</strong></div><br /><div>The theory was developed by George Gerbner and Larry Gross. It claims that continual long term exposure to televsion has miminal but measurable effects on the way we percieve the world. The theory suggests that the more exposure people have to TV over time, TV will eventually "cultivate" viewers perception of reality. The theory assumes that the audience is passive in nature, therefore the media has a big influence on their ideas and life choices and that eventually our views of the world will come to resemble that of the medias. People's choices and values will mainstream. </div><div><br /></div><br /><div> </div><br /><div><strong>Did you know?</strong> ...</div><ul><li>that television has surpassed both religion and education in being the storyteller of American culture</li><br /><li>people who watch more than 4 hours of television a day are considered heavy televsion viewers </li><li>studies show that people who are "heavy television viewers" have world views are similar to those presented in the media (television) </li></ul><br /><div><strong>Mean World Syndrome</strong></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">A phenomenon in which the violent content presented on television convinces the audience that the world is a more violent place than it actually is. </span></div><div><br /></div><br /><div> </div><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wn6phBkcyqk"><span class="Apple-style-span">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wn6phBkcyqk</span></a><br /><div><br /></div><br /><p> </p><br /><p> </p><br /><p> </p><br /><p> </p><br /><div><strong><span></span></strong> </div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-39322151603141436392010-10-11T10:35:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:46:05.202-07:00<div>Disinhabition Theory</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4513863964540964640.post-59957696904944226402010-10-11T10:19:00.000-07:002010-10-14T23:46:08.010-07:00Theories of Uniform Influences and Theories of Selective Influence<div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfrQgc3hXI/AAAAAAAAABo/uZ6Q2qoIZKk/s1600/hypodermic+needle.gif"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 300px; height: 210px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_t369zpJizlg/TLfrQgc3hXI/AAAAAAAAABo/uZ6Q2qoIZKk/s320/hypodermic+needle.gif" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5528145736442021234" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">The <b>theory of uniform influence</b>, sometimes <b>also called the magic bullet theory or hypodermic needle theor</b>y, suggests that while we are raised in different social situations andnorms, we are essentially the same in human nature. The theory goes to say that we therefore should the same emotions and outlooks when it comes to mediated messages. It then holds that the media will and can shape our outlooks and actions. The message is "shot" or "injected" to the viewer and then guides their actions. The main view of the theory is that viewers will not try escape or resist the message. They accept the message without investigation because the media is a valid source of information.</div><div><br /></div><div>Example: The war of the worlds broadcast</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>The <b>theories of selective influence </b>contradict the theories of uniform effects. The theory suggests that every person is unique. It believes because of unique natures and beliefs that we will all respond to the media in different ways or not at all.</div><div><br /></div><br /><div> </div><br /><div> </div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div>Theories of Selective Influences</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1